Metro English-353 - 如果一年不洗头，会怎样？
From curls to cornrows, beehives to bowl cuts, pigtails to dreadlocks, keeping our hair healthy is a necessity we all share. But if we didn’t have any shampoo or conditioners at our disposal, what would happen to our scalps? If you’re follicly challenged, well, kudos. This video may not apply to you. But the bald truth is, washing your hair may be more important than you think.
从卷发到辫子，蜂窝头到盖儿头，马尾辫儿到脏辫儿，保持头发健康是我们共同的需要。但是，如果我们没有任何能用的洗发水或护发素，我们的头皮会怎么样呢？如果你想傻傻地挑战，那，好样的。此视频可能不适用于您。但不争的事实是，洗头可能比你想象的更重要。
What did people use to wash their hair before shampoo? Why could avoiding shampoo in the short term be healthy? What are the risks of poor hair hygiene?
有洗发水之前人们用什么洗头呢？为什么短期内不用洗发水对健康有益？不良的洗发卫生习惯的风险是什么？
While shampooing your hair may be a part of your everyday routine, the “no poo” movement has been gaining some ground. Um, just so we’re clear, the “poo” I’m referring to is shampoo. So you can release the tension now.
虽然洗头可能是你日常生活的一部分，但“不洗头”运动已经取得了一些进展。呃，我想说的是，我指的是不用洗发水。你不要理解错了。
This “no poo” movement isn’t for everyone and may only work for certain hair types. People with dry, thin hair that don’t produce much oil might be in luck. But if you’ve got a thick head of hair, well, take note.
这种“不用洗发水”运动并不适合所有人，可能只适用于某些发型。头发又干又细，不怎么出油的人可能还行。但如果你有一头浓密的头发，那就用心吧。
With some shampoos containing harsh chemical detergents that cause dryness, many people are trying some pretty quirky alternatives to keep their hair clean and lustrous. But what did people do before shampoo was invented?
由于有些洗发水含有刺激性的化学清洁剂，会导致头发干燥，许多人正在尝试一些相当奇特的替代品来保持头发的清洁和光泽。但是在洗发水发明之前人们用什么呢？
In the Indian subcontinent, a substance like shampoo was made by boiling Sapindus, a tropical tree, with Indian gooseberries. The Sapindus berries, also known as soapberries, contain saponins, a type of organic chemical that creates a soapy lather. This lather helps soak up any oils, leaving hair soft and manageable.
在印度次大陆，一种类似洗发水的物质是用印度醋栗煮无患子（一种热带树木）制成的。无患子浆果，也被称为皂荚，含有皂甙，一种能产生肥皂泡沫的有机化学物质。这种泡沫有助于吸收任何油脂，使头发柔软和易于打理。
In the 1700s, early colonial traders caught on to this hair washing practice and introduced it to Europe. The word “shampoo” derives from the Sanskrit word “chāmpo”, describing the ancient Indian practice of massaging and soothing the head and hair.
在18世纪，早期的殖民地商人开始采用这种洗头方式，并将其引入欧洲。“洗发水”一词源于梵语“champo”，是形容古代印度按摩和舒缓头部及头发的做法。
Ancient Greeks and Romans used olive oil to keep their hair soft and supple. They would also add a dash of vinegar to help rinse and lighten their hair color. So if you don’t mind your hair smelling like a salad, well, you can consider that an option.
古希腊人和罗马人用橄榄油使头发柔软顺滑。他们还会加一点醋来帮助冲洗和淡化头发的颜色。所以，如果你不介意你的头发闻起来像沙拉，那么，你可以考虑这个选项。
In the Medieval era, many people couldn’t afford to take frequent baths. In some parts of Europe, women were advised to apply a mixture of barley, salt, and bear fat to their hair to help it grow longer. Yikes, well, at least it was 100% organic.
在中世纪，许多人不能经常洗澡。在欧洲的一些地区，建议女性在头发上涂抹大麦、盐和熊油的混合物，以帮助头发长得更长。呃.....，至少那是100%有机的。
During the Renaissance, women in Italy often used lye soap alongside bacon fat and licorice as a conditioner. As much as I love bacon and licorice, I think I’ll just stick to eating them.
在文艺复兴时期，意大利的妇女经常使用碱液肥皂洗发和培根脂肪和甘草作为护发素。虽然我很喜欢培根和甘草，但我还是坚持只吃它们吧。
And in the 18th century, wig-wearing became a sign of class for both men and women, and health fads were all the rage. Some doctors even advised women to crack eggs over their heads to keep their hair healthy. So if you’re ever the victim of an egging, well, maybe your hair will thank you later. Take that, you bullies.
在18世纪，戴假发成为男女显示阶级的标志，健康时尚风靡一时。一些医生甚至建议女性在头上打鸡蛋以保持头发健康。所以，如果你曾经是一个鸡蛋的受害者，那么，也许以后你的头发会感谢你。记住，你们这些恶霸。
It wasn’t until the 1930s that the liquid shampoo we know and love today became a widespread phenomenon. After twenty years of heavy marketing in newspapers and magazines, the trend caught on, and the cultural expectation of washing your hair had begun.
直到20世纪30年代，我们今天所熟知和喜爱的液体洗发水才成为一种普遍现象。经过20年的报纸和杂志的大力营销，这股潮流开始流行起来，洗头的文化期待也开始了。
So why exactly are people avoiding shampoo? And what would happen if we neglected to wash our hair altogether? Well, if you don’t tend to exercise very often or live in a dry climate, you might have better success with the no washing movement. This is due to a decrease in natural oil production, known as sebum, which helps keep our hair moist. But if you have oily, thick hair, you might have bigger problems than a bad hair day.
那么，人们到底为什么要不用洗发水呢？如果我们完全忘记洗头这回事会怎么样呢？好吧，如果你们不经常锻炼或生活在干燥的气候中，那么不洗头可能还行。这是由于减少了称为皮脂的天然油脂的生产，皮脂有助于保持头发的湿润。但是如果你的头发又油又厚，那你可能就会有比偶尔头发不顺更大的问题了。
Many people claim that after several weeks of not washing their hair, it becomes thicker and naturally voluminous. So, in the short term, depending on how oily or dry your hair is, it may benefit you cosmetically and financially. But if you kept this up for months, well, your new doo might start to smell a little funky. Hair traps moisture, allowing bacteria to build up on unwashed scalps.
许多人声称，几周不洗头发后，头发会变得浓密，自然厚实。因此，在短期内，根据你的发质是油腻还是干燥，它可能会有利于你的美容和节省开销。但是如果你坚持几个月的话，你头顶的新玩意儿可能就会有怪味儿了。头发会吸收水分，使细菌在未洗的头皮上积聚。
This could lead to an infection from all the dead skin cells, dirt, and bacteria your hair has mopped up. Even if you have a faux-hawk, man bun, or a skullet, bacteria finds a way. After a month, you’d be dealing with an itchy scalp and a sour odor.
由于你的头发聚集的所有死皮，污垢和细菌，可能会导致感染的发生。即使你留着莫西干发型，圆发髻，胭脂鱼发型（小编注：两侧和头顶无发，后面长发），细菌都会找到一种方法。一个月后，你的头皮会发痒，还有酸味。
At about six months to a year, the bacteria would accumulate and clog up your hair follicles, which could lead to unwanted pimples, hair thinning, hair loss, and if you have roommates, possibly eviction. While there’s no medical reason to shampoo your hair, certain types of medicated shampoo can be a blessing for those suffering from scalp psoriasis. Yet other conditions like eczema or dandruff could get worse from regular shampoos containing harsh detergents.
大约六个月到一年，细菌会积聚并堵塞你的毛囊，这可能会导致出现无谓的粉刺，头发变薄，脱发，如果你有室友，还可能会被赶跑。虽然并没有医学上的理由洗头，但某些类型的药物洗发水可以成为头皮癣患者的福音。然而，其他情况，如湿疹或有头皮屑，情况可能会变得更糟，因为常规洗发水含有刺激的洗涤剂。
From a dermatological standpoint, some shampoos can overdry any skin surface. This causes an increase in oil production and can lead to unfavorable skin conditions. But if all of this shampoo business is wigging you out, there are several alternatives out there, like coconut oil or even baking soda and apple cider vinegar. But please don’t take our word for it. Not everyone’s hair works in the same way. So be sure to do your research before trying anything drastic.
从皮肤学的角度来看，有些洗发水会使任何皮肤表面过度干燥。这会导致油脂分泌增加，并可能导致较皮肤状况变差。但是，如果所有这些洗发水的事都让你疲于应付，也有几种替代品可选，比如椰子油，甚至小苏打和苹果醋。但请不要全相信我们的话。不是每个人的头发都是适合的。所以在尝试任何激烈的事情之前一定要做些调查。