Python的时间数据类型

9.1、获取当前时间，例如：
import time, datetime;

localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
#Local current time : time.struct_time(tm_year=2014, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=15, tm_min=13, tm_sec=56, tm_wday=4, tm_yday=80, tm_isdst=0)
print "Local current time :", localtime
说明：time.struct_time(tm_year=2014, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=15, tm_min=13, tm_sec=56, tm_wday=4, tm_yday=80, tm_isdst=0)属于struct_time元组，struct_time元组具有如下属性：

9.2、获取格式化的时间
可以根据需求选取各种格式，但是最简单的获取可读的时间模式的函数是asctime():
2.1、日期转换为字符串

首选：print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S');
其次：print datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.datetime.now(), '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
最后：print str(datetime.datetime.now())[:19]

2.2、字符串转换为日期

expire_time = "2013-05-21 09:50:35"
d = datetime.datetime.strptime(expire_time,"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print d;

9.3、获取日期差

oneday = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
#今天，2014-03-21
today = datetime.date.today()
#昨天，2014-03-20
yesterday = datetime.date.today() - oneday
#明天，2014-03-22
tomorrow = datetime.date.today() + oneday
#获取今天零点的时间，2014-03-21 00:00:00
today_zero_time = datetime.datetime.strftime(today, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

#0:00:00.001000
print datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=1), #1毫秒
#0:00:01
print datetime.timedelta(seconds=1), #1秒
#0:01:00
print datetime.timedelta(minutes=1), #1分钟
#1:00:00
print datetime.timedelta(hours=1), #1小时
#1 day, 0:00:00
print datetime.timedelta(days=1), #1天
#7 days, 0:00:00
print datetime.timedelta(weeks=1)

9.4、获取时间差

#1 day, 0:00:00
oneday = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
#今天，2014-03-21 16:07:23.943000
today_time = datetime.datetime.now()
#昨天，2014-03-20 16:07:23.943000
yesterday_time = datetime.datetime.now() - oneday
#明天，2014-03-22 16:07:23.943000
tomorrow_time = datetime.datetime.now() + oneday
注意时间是浮点数，带毫秒。

那么要获取当前时间，需要格式化一下：
print datetime.datetime.strftime(today_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
print datetime.datetime.strftime(yesterday_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
print datetime.datetime.strftime(tomorrow_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

9.5、获取上个月最后一天

last_month_last_day = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year,datetime.date.today().month,1)-datetime.timedelta(1)

9.6、字符串日期格式化为秒数，返回浮点类型：

expire_time = "2013-05-21 09:50:35"
d = datetime.datetime.strptime(expire_time,"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
time_sec_float = time.mktime(d.timetuple())
print time_sec_float

9.7、日期格式化为秒数，返回浮点类型：

d = datetime.date.today()
time_sec_float = time.mktime(d.timetuple())
print time_sec_float

9.8、秒数转字符串

time_sec = time.time()
print time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time_sec))