重新构想未来酒店｜从逃离生活的空间成为隔离目的地
迈阿密JW万豪酒店
2017年，CallisonRTKL启动了未来酒店研究，全面审视酒店业应如何应对变化和谋求发展。三年后的今天，受累于新冠疫情，整个行业发生了永久性的变化，我们也因此“重新构想未来酒店”。本文将就业界全新面貌所呈现出的若干标新立异之处提出了一些看法和见解。
In 2017, CallisonRTKL created the Hotel of the Future study, a comprehensive look at how the hospitality industry was poised to change and grow. Three years later, we are “Re-Thinking the Hotel of the Future” as the landscape has permanently changed due to COVID-19. Here are key insights into how this new look will be different.
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从逃离生活的空间成为隔离目的地
Escape Becomes Destination Isolation
纵观整个2017年，酒店业从过去包容、封闭的空间逐渐走向开放、分散的城市布局，未来还将继续转变。在后新冠疫情时代，业界似乎将转向一种强保护、重防控且更加注重以健康为本的模式。
From a bird’s eye 2017 perspective, the past, present and future of the hospitality industry moved from an inclusive, closed space to an open, decentralized, urban layout. Post-COVID, it looks as if the industry will shift to a more protected, controlled and wellness-focused model.
南旧金山AC酒店
先前报告显示，酒店以往是令人向往和鼓舞人心的地方—人们前往这里，逃避日常工作带来的压力、庆祝人生中的重要时刻、纪念自己所取得的成就同时憧憬美好未来。宾客通常会选择集餐饮、娱乐、休闲于一体的度假圣地。21世纪初随着爱彼迎（Airbnb）、VRBO和途家（HomeAway）的流行，人们的兴趣开始从传统的酒店式体验转向了精心策划、具有本地特色的体验。
由于新冠疫情爆发，越来越多的宾客开始寻求更私密、更独立的体验。当然，消费者希望去新的地方旅行，这一点没有改变，但他们会更喜欢独自呆在酒店里，与外界人群保持安全距离，避免冒被感染的风险前往博物馆、音乐会等场合，或者是和经过病毒检测且未感染病毒的人们一道，去参加某项冒险活动。人们更希望在陆地旅行，享受旅程，而不是搭乘飞机。想象一下，下榻乡村小屋、野外露营、在Airstream复古拖车来一趟飞地之旅，或者是前往带私人游泳池和容量可调的中央俱乐部会所等等。
In the original report, hotels used to be aspirational and inspirational – all about the escape from day-to-day work stress, a place to celebrate key life events, something to cash in all of your mileage points and a reward to look forward to. Guests would generally stay put at a resort destination with dining and entertainment all in one place. And pivoting away from the traditional hotel experience, the early 2000’s era ushered in new interest in a local, more curated experience through the popularity of Airbnb, VRBO and HomeAway.
Resulting from the pandemic, a trend is emerging where guests will seek a private, more isolated, experience. Consumers will certainly still want to travel to a new place – but would prefer to be on their own in the hotel, safely distanced and not venturing out to a museum, a concert or on an adventurous activity involving more than a few virus-tested and virus-free individuals. People may also want to explore life on the road rather than getting on a plane. Think remote cabins, glamping or small enclaves of retro-Airstream trailers with a private pool and a controlled-capacity central clubhouse.
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酒店设计将发生翻天覆地的变化
Hospitality Design Will Change Dramatically
酒店的前厅后厨、客房、健身房、餐厅等等，几乎所有与酒店设计有关的各个方面都将在本质上发生巨大变化。多年来，亚洲的酒店采用固定的流通路线来处理垃圾和管理待洗衣物，这些路线独立于新到产品、用品和清洁床单路线。进出酒店的物品在运往各自目的地时不会混在一起，并且所有的走廊和物体表面都会定期进行消毒。
The back of house, front of house, guest rooms, gyms, restaurants – essentially everything about hospitality design will change dramatically. For many years, hotels in Asia have had circulation routes to dispose of trash and manage soiled laundry that were separated from the incoming produce, supplies and clean linens. Nothing, coming in and out, mixes en route to its destination and all corridors and surfaces are regularly sanitized.
这些正是我们制定酒店设计修改计划中所需要的。虽然在美国并未采用这种做法，先前采用单独的走廊处理所有进出物品，包括垃圾和衣物清洗服务，当然这是缩小酒店布局从而控制成本最有效的方法，但现在必须对其进行重新设计，从而保护宾客、员工、访客和服务提供商等。进而保护他们的家人、朋友和同事。总而言之，保护我们的社区。
此外，酒店的机械系统也应进行全面彻底地检修。无论是大厅、客房还是会议室，建筑空间在空气调节方式要求方面，应确保空气不能对着人或整个房间吹；应考虑地板或底部的层流空气流动；从地面出风口吹入的空气应该以非紊流的方式垂直分布，而非像传统调风口到回风那样呈水平涡流分布。
This is what needs to happen in our revised hotel design plans. While eliminating this practice in the U.S. with single corridors handling all incoming and outgoing deliveries, as well as trash and laundry service was previously the most efficient way to shrink the layout to control costs, it must be redesigned to protect not only guests, but also employees, visitors and service providers. And in turn, their families, friends and coworkers. In short, protecting our communities.
Additionally, mechanical systems will should be overhauled. Whether you’re in the lobby, a guest room or a conference room, the way a building conditions a space cannot have air blowing down on a person or across the room; floor or base laminar air flow should be considered; the introduction of air from floor registers distributing air vertically in non-turbulent flows instead of horizontally and swirling as in traditional register-to-return air distribution.
尔湾市一轩饺子馆
此外，还应考虑在酒店的每一层设立洗手站。目前类似的洗手站常见于医院，同时还应强调时刻注意安全卫生的必要性。我们可以根据品牌设计洗手站，并在安全清洗流程中增添趣味性。
与当地企业的联系或伙伴关系也将日益紧密。酒店可以安排宾客前往当地的健身房（处于享受每日折扣或个人锻炼的目的），从而无需占用宝贵的酒店空间设置健身房。餐厅也是如此。宾客可以到街上，通过在Yelp上收藏美食享受20%的折扣，并将其计入酒店房费。通过这种方式，酒店可以在后疫情时代减轻内部餐厅的财务负担和承担潜在的责任。
We should also expect handwashing stations on every hotel floor. These washing stations are currently used in hospitals and reinforce the need to always be aware of safe health practices. We can design these stations to fit the brand and infuse a sense of fun around the safety process.
Relationships or partnerships with local businesses will also take off. Instead of using valuable hotel square footage for a gym, guests can go to a local gym (perhaps for a daily discount or a personal training offer). The same rings true for restaurants. Walk up the street for a 20% discount at the Yelp-reviewed favorite and charge it to your hotel room. In this way, hotels can relieve themselves of the financial burden – and potential liability – of an in-house restaurant in the post-pandemic environment.
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未来的新式酒店房间是什么样子？
What Does the New Hotel Room of the Future Look Like?
以前，酒店社交区域占据了较大面积，并且酒店经营者认为宾客大多会出去开会或外出旅行，而非整日待在房间内，因而客房空间较小，仅仅作为一个洗澡、看电视节目、呼叫客房服务和睡觉的地方。
如今，客房被视为躲避病毒的避难所，添置奢华的亚麻制品、舒适的家具、柔和的色彩和便利设施等可能会更让人印象深刻。不过，鉴于多余的毯子、枕头和毛巾等可能会沾染污染物，因此只能根据宾客要求提供。采用瓷砖或乙烯基地板取代地毯，将客房连接门改造成走廊前厅，并且定期进行消毒。宾客青睐于使用免接触房间钥匙、照明和其他类似的室内应用科技。清洁工作将不再仅局限于几乎无人看见的午夜时分；宾客将会看到员工定期清洁公共空间、门和其他活动频繁区域。
Previously, rooms were smaller because the hotel’s social areas were designed to be much larger and it was assumed that a guest would mostly be going to meetings or venturing out on excursions. It was just a place to take a shower, watch a favorite TV show, maybe grab some room service and go to sleep.
Now, when a room is seen as a sanctuary, more luxurious linens, comfortable furnishings, soothing colors and amenities may make their mark. However, extra blankets, pillows and towels that could possibly absorb a contaminant will be available only upon request. Carpets will be replaced with tile or vinyl flooring and guestroom connector doors will be reconfigured into a corridor vestibule that can be regularly sanitized. Touch-free room keys, lighting and in-room technologies will be expected from every guest. No longer will cleaning be relegated to the midnight hours when few people are around to witness the work; guests will see employees regularly sanitizing public spaces, doors and other high-activity zones.
洛杉矶四季私人住宅
从短期来看，为了适应这种新常态，业主需要花费更多的开支，但这样做能够让宾客和员工感到安心，从而有望增加预订量、提升宾客体验以及留住优秀的员工。
In the short term, it is more of an expense for the owner to retrofit for this new normal, but it delivers a peace of mind for customers and employees. Which means increased reservations, improved guest experiences and keeping valued employees on the payroll.
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康养和社区联系的作用
The Role of Wellness and Community Connection
在康养方面，对于新酒店空间而言，不仅仅是设立吧台和室内瑜伽馆。在采用LEED建筑可持续性标准的地方，WELL建筑标准也将普及。酒店康养措施将成为酒店注重健康理念的一个最主要体现；而不仅仅采用签署清洁协议或健康检查的形式。酒店要证明以宾客健康为本，能够为宾客提供规避新冠疫情的避难所，那么就必须拿出实际行动，让宾客相信并向其保证酒店始终将宾客的健康置于重中之重的位置。像洲际酒店集团（IHG）旗下EVEN®这样的酒店，不断将以健康为导向的产品融入到整个酒店的产品中，从食品和饮料菜单到一系列客房设施。此外，酒店将采用生物友好型设计。自然材料的使用、日光照明以及用于进行深思或冥想的空间有望成为休闲酒店和商务酒店的标配。
Wellness in the new hospitality space is more than just having a juice bar and in-room yoga mats. Where we have the LEED standard for sustainability in architecture, the WELL building standard will now prevail as well. Wellness in hospitality will become a more predominate overlay to the hotel’s attitude; not just as a response in the form of cleaning protocols or health checks. A move to demonstrate that your hotel is now a refuge with the guests’ health at the fore will have to be demonstrated to provide the confidence and the assurance that the guests’ health is the most important aspect of the property’s concern. Hotels, such as EVEN® by IHG, will continue to integrate wellness-oriented products throughout their offerings– from food and beverage menus to an array of guestroom amenities. Biophilic design will emerge as well. The use of natural materials, daylighting and places for quite reflection or meditation should become the norm for leisure hotels and business hotels alike.
达拉斯市洲际酒店集团首次改造和新建筑原型
未来，除了考虑节约成本之外，我们还需要能够增强感官和情感体验的设计。始终以宾客和员工的利益为念。从长远来看，这一切终将会获得回报。
如今，当拥有深刻的洞察力、丰富的经验和各种各样的工具时，您是否有勇气成为行业变革的领军者？在此，我向大家发出挑战。
采用WELL建筑标准有助于为提升康养水平提供保障，因为个人健康与环境健康有着内在的联系。此外，这样做也有助于增强整体价值主张和品牌忠诚度。
At this time – and moving forward – we need to be designing to the senses and emotions in addition to considering cost savings. Always keeping in mind the benefits for both guests and staff. It will pay off in the long term.
We have the insights, the experience and the tools. Now, do we have the courage to be the leaders of the change? I challenge you.
Utilizing WELL building standards ensures a commitment to wellbeing – as individual wellbeing is intrinsically tied to environmental wellbeing. This also has the potential to strengthen the overall value proposition and brand loyalty.
#AUTHOR BIO
作者简介
Clay Markham
AIA, LEED AP BD+C
CallisonRTKL高级副总裁
Clay Markham是酒店行业的领军人物，倡导在建筑、室内设计和施工管理方面采用动态设计和管理方法。Clay在酒店行业拥有30多年的丰富经验，参与过多个国际项目，能够将不同的市场经验应用于各类项目，包括单一用途建筑项目、大型整体规划项目以及综合使用项目。Clay具有卓越的设计能力和成功交付项目的能力，服务对象包括万豪酒店、喜达屋酒店和MGM Mirage在内的许多顶级客户，其设计的项目更是屡获殊荣。
Clay Markham leads the hospitality sector with a dynamic design and management approach to architecture, interior design and construction management. Through more than 30 years in the industry, Clay has worked extensively on international projects, allowing him to apply diverse market experiences to a variety of project types from single-use environments to large-scale master plans to mixed-use projects. His compelling designs and successful project delivery skills have resulted in award-winning projects for top-tier clients including Marriott, Starwood Hotels and MGM Mirage.